Analysis on the Key Words related to Healthcare Issues of the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in Major Korean Newspapers, 2020 / 農村醫學 地域保健

Background@#s: This study was performed to analyze the main key words of newspaper articles related to COVID-19 in 2020 for each category of quarantine measures according to the epidemic period of COVID-19. @*Methods@#We analyzed articles related to COVID-19 in three major newspapers of Korea between February 17 and December 31, 2020. We targeted the front page articles on mondays and thursdays. The analysis of the relationship between the two variables was confirmed through the chi-square test. @*Results@#As a result of analyzing the main key words for each category of quarantine measures, non-pharmaceutical intervention were the most common at 54.3%, followed by 3Ts(test, tracing, treatment and vaccine) at 31.9%. In the category of non-pharmaceutical intervention, social distancing was the most common at 33.9%. In the categories such as 3Ts(test, tracing, treatment) and vaccine, diagnostic tests were the most common at 41.8%. @*Conclusions@#It was identified that non-pharmaceutical intervention were the most common, and there was a difference in the reporting of main key words by category of quarantine measures for each epidemic period related to COVID-19 in 2020.

Factors Associated with Lung Function Recovery at the First Year after Lung Transplantation

PURPOSE: Post-operative pulmonary function is an important prognostic factor for lung transplantation. The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting recovery of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) at the first year after lung transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of lung transplantation patients between October 2012 and June 2016. Patients who survived for longer than one year and who underwent pulmonary function test at the first year of lung transplantation were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they recovered to a normal range of FEV1 (FEV1 ≥80% of predicted value vs. < 80%). We compared the two groups and analyzed factors associated with lung function recovery. RESULTS: Fifty-eight patients were enrolled in this study: 28 patients (48%) recovered to a FEV1 ≥80% of the predicted value, whereas 30 patients (52%) did not. Younger recipients [odds ratio (OR), 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.87–0.98; p=0.010], longer duration of mechanical ventilator use after surgery (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.03–1.26; p=0.015), and high-grade primary graft dysfunction (OR, 8.08; 95% CI, 1.67–39.18; p=0.009) were identified as independent risk factors associated with a lack of full recovery of lung function at 1 year after lung transplantation. CONCLUSION: Immediate postoperative status may be associated with recovery of lung function after lung transplantation.

Incidentally Found Absence of the Left Brachiocephalic Vein with Venous Return Through the Left Superior Intercostal Vein in an Adult Patient: Venography and CT Findings

A 63-year-old male patient was referred for venography of the thoracic venous system and multidetector computed tomography (CT) due to the unusual location of the left subclavian catheter tip. His venogram and CT images showed an absence of the left brachiocephalic vein (LBCV). Instead of through the LBCV, the usual venous circulation of neck and left upper limb was carried out by the engorged left superior intercostal vein (LSIV); this subsequently drained into the accessory hemiazygos vein and then the azygos vein that drains into the superior vena cava. Here, we report a rare case of an incidentally found absence of the LBCV with venous return through the LSIV in an adult patient, and we present a brief review of the relevant literature.

Tacrolimus-induced, Transplant-associated Thrombotic Microangiopathies after Lung Transplantation / 대한이식학회지

We report a case of tacrolimus-induced transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathies (TA-TMA) after lung transplantation. A 71-year-old man underwent lung transplantation secondary to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. After 4 months, he presented with abdominal discomfort and dyspnea, and was diagnosed with hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Tacrolimus was considered the cause of the TMA. Tacrolimus was stopped and several sessions of plasma exchange were performed immediately after diagnosis of TA-TMA. However, his platelet count did not normalize, gastrointestinal bleeding was recurrent, and severe pneumonia developed, following which he died. TA-TMA are rare but severe, life-threatening complications in lung transplant recipients. Therefore, the possibility of TA-TMA should be considered in posttransplant recipients.

Two Cases of Seasonal Influenza Virus (H3N2) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Compared with the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1), the seasonal influenza A (H3N2) in 2011–2012 was self-limited and mild. However, some cases proceeded to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to underlying medical history. Here we report two cases with influenza A (H3N2) progressing to fatal ARDS. One case with several underlying medical conditions eventually died from multi-organ failure despite the application of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. When patients are suspected to have influenza, it is imperative to investigate their medical histories and risk factors. If they have many co-morbidities or risk factors, clinicians should initiate aggressive management immediately regardless of the type of influenza infection.

Moyamoya Syndrome Associated With Hashimoto's Thyroiditis

Autoimmune thyroid disease associated with Moyamoya syndrome has mostly been reported as Graves' disease, and not as Hashimoto's thyroiditis. We report a case of a 70-year-old man with right posterior cerebral artery territorial infarction and bilateral distal internal carotid artery occlusion, which suggests Moyamoya syndrome, but who was diagnosed as Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

A Case of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension presented as Bilateral Abducens Nerve Palsy without Postural Headache

No abstract available.

A Case of Bilateral Pleural Effusion due to Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome / 결핵

Ovarin hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), an iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation, shows varying degrees of clinical manifestations. The pathogenesis of OHSS is an increase of vascular permeability resulting in hypovolemia, thromboembolism, ARDS, and death in sometimes. Pleural effusion is also a result of an increase of vascular permedability in the pleura. Thoracentesis is sometimes required to relieve dyspnea. We report a case of OHSS with bilateral exudative pleural effusfion is a 23 year-old female with resting dyspnea. She was received clomi;hen, FSH, and LH for the treatment of irregular menstruation twenty days previously. The ultrasonogram showed severe ascites and bilaterally huge ovary, and chest radiography showed bilateral effusion. Therapeutic thoracentesis and paracentesis were done for relief of the dyspnea. Two weeks later the bilateral effusion and symptoms disappeared spontaneously.

High-Resolution CT Findings of Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Different Features between AFB Stain Positive and Negative Group / 결핵

BACKGROUND: We studied about the The different features of high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings of active pulmonary tuberculosis(TB) were studied between acid fast bacilli(AFB) smear or culture positive and negative group. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated 36 patients who had been confirmed for active pulmonary tuberculosis by the smear or culture of AFB in sputum(n=25), and changes on serial chest radiographs(n=11). The patient were divided into 3 groups by the results on sputum AFB stain and culture. Group 1(n=11) is negative in both AFB stain and culture ; group 2(n=13) is negative in AFB stain but positive in culture ; and group 3(n=12)is positive in both AFB stain and culture. We evaluated the findings of HRCT in each group randomly. RESULT: On the HRCT scans, acinar nodule(100%), macronodule(75%), and cavity(75%) in group 3 were more frequently found than group 1(63%, 18%, 9%) and group 2(46%, 15%, 23%)(p0.05). AFB positive group was statistically different than the negative group in the HRCT findings such as with respect to acinar nodule(100% vs 54%), macronodule(75% vs 17%), and cavity(75% vs 17%)(p<0.05). TB culture positive group was statistically different than the negative group in the HRCT findings such as with respect to acinar nodule(72% vs 45%) and cavity(48% vs 9%)(p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: HRCT scans are helpful in determining disease acitivity in sputum AFB stain- negative pulmonary tuberculosis. When HRCT shows centrilobular nodule and branching structure, acinar nodule, macronodule, cavity, we are able to decide more study such further studies as sputum induction and bronchoscopy for determination of can be performed to determine the presence of bacilli in patients of AFB stain-negative tuberculosis.